感觉统合训练对精神发育迟滞儿童影响的对照研究

Controlled trial of sensory integration training for children with mental retardation

目的:探讨感觉统合训练对精神发育迟滞儿童感觉统合障碍影响。方法:将49例精神发育迟滞儿童患者随机分为对照组25例和研究组24例。研究组接受20周的感觉统合训练,对照组进行20周的观察,不作干预。干预前后对两组儿童进行儿童感觉统合评定量表(CSIRS)和儿童行为量表(CBCL)评定。结果:训练10周和20周后研究组和对照组在CSIRS3个分量表评分上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在CBCL评分上只有20周后在"社会能力"评分上两组差异有统计学意义。研究组和对照组智力评分差异无统计学意义。研究组CSIRS量表训练前后差异有统计学意义;训练20周前庭平衡失调小于训练10周水平(t=3.774,P=0.001),而触觉过分防御大于训练10周水平(t=3.868,P=0.000);本体感失调评分差异无统计学意义(t=0.634,P=0.221)。结论:感觉统合训练对精神发育迟滞儿童的感觉统合失调有效。

Objective：To explore the influence of occupational therapy with a sensory integration approach（OT-SI） on the children with mental retardation.Method：49 chilren with mental retardation were randomly assigned to either of the two groups：the study group（n=24） receiving 20 weeks sensory integration training and the control group（n=25） not receiving the training.Children sensory integration rating scale（CSIRS） and child behavior checklist（CBCL） were used to assess training effects.Results：The study group and the control group showed significant difference on CSIRS after 10 and 20 week training respectively,and showed significant difference on social competency of CBCL after 20 weeks.There was no significant IQ difference between the two groups.sensory integration training improved CSIRS scores after 10 week training.The study group showed higher vestibular function and tactile function score at week 20 than at week 10（t=3.774,P=0.001;t=3.868,P=0.000,respectively）.There were no significant difference on proprioceptive dysfunction score between at week 10 and 20（t=0.634,P=0.221）.Conclusion：Occupational therapy with a sensory integration approach can improve sensory integration dysfunction of children with mental rertardation.