饲喂不同水平虫草培养残基对中华绒螯蟹营养品质的影响

Effects of different feeding levels of residual Cordyceps militaris culture medium on nutritional quality of Eriocheir sinensis

在基础饲料中分别添加0.25%、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%、4.0%、8.0%、16.0%的蛹虫草培养残基(简称虫草基),以基础饲料为对照,饲喂规格为(4.0±1.0)g的中华绒螯蟹75 d,测定中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)常规营养成分、肌肉与血清氨基酸及肝胰腺脂肪酸含量,研究虫草基对中华绒螯蟹营养品质的影响。结果显示:(1)虫草基对中华绒螯蟹水分和蛋白含量无影响(P>0.05),0.5%和1.0%添加组的全蟹、肌肉、肝胰腺粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)适量添加虫草基可增加中华绒螯蟹肌肉游离氨基酸含量,0.5%～2.0%的添加组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但对氨基酸组成及主要呈味氨基酸含量影响不显著(P>0.05);1.0%和16.0%添加组中华绒螯蟹血清氨基酸和主要呈味氨基酸含量明显提高(P<0.05)。(3)虫草基的添加可提高肝胰腺不饱和脂肪酸及必需脂肪酸含量,且1.0%添加组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。饲料中添加适量的虫草基可提高中华绒螯蟹肌肉与血清的游离氨基酸、血清必需氨基酸、肝胰腺不饱和脂肪酸和必需脂肪酸含量,从而改善中华绒螯蟹营养品质。

The residues of Cordyceps militaris culture medium（hereafter be shorted as residual culture medium） were supplemented into basal diets at different levels of 0.25%,0.5%,1.0%,2.0%,4.0%,8.0% and 16.0%,respectively,to feed Eriocheir sinensis（body weigh：4.0±1.0 g） for 75 d,by comparison with basal diets.The conventional body components,the contents of amino acids in muscle and serum,and the contents of fatty acids in hepatopancreas were determined,and thereafter the effects of residual culture medium on E.sinensis＇s nutritional quality were evaluated.The results were as shown follows：1） There were no obvious effects on moisture and crude protein of E.sinensis（P0.05）.The lipid contents of whole body,muscle and hepatopancreas increased significantly when residual culture medium was added at 0.5% and 1.0%（P0.05）;2） The free amino acids contents in muscle increased when residual culture medium was supplemented at appropriate levels,and significant content enhancement was obtained by adding from 0.5% to 2.0%（P0.05）,but no significant effects were found on amino acids composition and main flavor amino acids contents in muscle（P0.05）;the contents of total amino acids and main flavor amino acids in serum of E.sinensis significantly enhanced when supplementation levels reached 1.0% and/or 16.0%（P0.05）;3） The unsaturated and essential fatty acids in hepatopancreas significantly increased when residual culture medium was added at 1.0%（P0.05）.Incorporate appropriate levels of residual culture medium into basal diet could increase amino acids content in muscle and serum,essential amino acids content in serum,unsaturated and essential fatty acids content in hepatopancreas,and improve the nutritional quality of Chinese mitten crab.