基于共同物理基础的铁性智能材料研究概况

Investigation of Ferroic Smart Materials Based on Unified Physical Principle

铁性智能材料是具有感知温度、力、电、磁等外界环境并产生驱动(位移等)效应的一类重要功能材料,主要包括形状记忆、压电和磁致伸缩三大类材料。长期以来,三类铁性智能材料的研究分布在几个不同的领域,没有形成共同的物理基础,从而导致只能运用有限的学术思路指导智能材料的研发。近年来实验探索研究成果表明:三类看似不同的铁性智能材料从序参量、畴结构到宏观性能层次具有高度的物理平行性,表明它们具有共同的物理基础,据此可望提供高性能铁性智能材料的物理新机制。

Ferroic smart material generally refers to an important functional material, which can easily detect the envi- ronmental factors （e. g. temperature, force, electricity, magnetism, and so on） and further produce driving force or dis- placement. Usually, such smart materials include three kinds as shape memory alloys, piezoelectrical materials and mag- netostrictive materials. For a long time, studies on these three smart materials have fallen into three different subjects and almost no person has explored the possibility of identical physical fundamentals among these three materials. Recently, our research demonstrates that these three smart materials are physically parallel in order parameter, domain and physical properties, giving the hint that there exist identical physical fundamentals among these three smart materials, thus provi- ding a new way to high-performance ferroic smart materials.