气相燃烧法制备纳米材料的研究进展

Progress on Flame Aerosol Synthesis of Nanomaterials

纳米材料的气相燃烧合成一般是指利用气体燃料燃烧提供高温,通过物理或者化学过程从气溶胶中获得纳米材料的过程。气相燃烧法可以制备不同结构的纳米材料,具有过程连续、易于规模化、无后处理、低成本等优点,是纳米材料制备最具工业化潜力的方法之一。气相燃烧制备纳米材料涉及快速高温反应和产物单体成核、生长、凝并、团聚等过程,这些过程互相关联、交互影响;纳米材料制备过程中材料结构调控及材料生长机理成为近年来国内外的研究重点。主要介绍了气相燃烧反应器结构、材料制备、结构调控、应用性能和工业生产等方面的研究进展,并对其前景进行了展望。

The gas combustion flame technology refers to the formation of nanomaterials from gases in flames. Flame synthesis which has many advantages, such as continuous, scalable, without post-treatment, low cost and large quantities, has become an established way to produce nanomaterials with desired characteristics on an industrial scale. The flame aerosol synthesis for the nanoparticles involves the following processes such as rapid high-temperature vapor reaction, the nucleation, growth, agglomeration, and so on. Meanwhile these processes correlate and interact, which making complex for the formation of nanomaterials. Therefore, the study of the preparation of nanoparticles and the corresponding growth mechanism in this complex flame environment has become the research emphasis in recent years. In this paper, we mainly introduced flame reactor, material preparation, structure control, application filed and commercial process base on flame aerosol process, and to explore its possible development in the future.