职业性手外伤的流行病学分析

Characteristics of cases with occupational hand injuries

目的了解某地职业性手外伤的构成、发病特点和影响因素,提出防范措施。方法对2003年4月~2011年8月306例在某院住院的手外伤患者进行调查登记。结果受伤患者多为男性青壮年,学历普遍较低,多来自于乡镇私营企业,从事接触机械类体力劳动。开放性外伤占所有职业性手外伤的85.95%,其中手指损伤占所有病例的76.47%,机器致伤占83.66%。结论职业性手外伤主要发生在青壮年男性。机器致伤是导致职业性手外伤最常见的原因,应成为职业性手外伤预防的重点,采取针对性的预防措施可有效降低职业性手外伤的发病率。

Objective To investigate the composition,pathogenetic characteristics and influencing factors of occupational hand injuries,furthermore to raise the precautional measures.Methods A total of 306 cases of occupational hand injuries during April,2003 to August,2011 were surveyed with questionnaire.Results The most of cases were young men,who worked at the private-owned and small-scale township enterprise,had low educational background and did physical labour with machine.85.95% of occupational hand injuries were open-trauma and finger injuries accounted for 76.47%.83.66% cases were machine-induced injuries.Conclusion Occupational hand injuries occured mostly among young men.Machine-induced hand injury was the most common type.Prevention of hand injury should be emphasized among these population.It is suggested that the special preventive measures should be taken to reduce the occupational hand injuries.