青年大学生BMI与血压的相关性分析及运动干预实验

Investigation on the relationship between body mass index and blood pressure in undergraduate students and exercise intervention

目的探讨大学生人群中体质量指数(BMI)对血压水平的影响。方法将重庆城市管理职业学院2008～2010年入学新生共8 757例大学生的身高、体质量、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)作为基础资料进行统计分析,超重肥胖者进行有氧运动干预。结果 BMI分别与SBP、DBP呈正相关(SBP:r=0.23,P=0.000,DBP:r=0.16,P=0.000),且SBP、DBP水平均表现为:肥胖组[(117.65±14.28)mm Hg,(75.65±9.55)mm Hg]大于超重组[(117.41±12.86)mm Hg,(74.78±8.91)mm Hg]大于体质量正常组[(111.78±11.38)mm Hg,(71.49±8.14)mm Hg]大于低体质量组[(107.85±10.66)mm Hg,(69.80±7.95)mm Hg],3组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),随BMI增长而增高。对超重组及肥胖组大学生进行运动干预,发现干预后人群的BMI、SBP、DBP及血压阳性率、正常血压高值阳性率[(22.93±2.74)mm Hg,(103.65±10.14)mm Hg,(69.62±7.83)mm Hg,2.4%,27.13%]均较未干预前[(26.50±3.07)mm Hg,(117.45±13.45)mm Hg,(74.93±9.02)mm Hg,6.1%,47.4%]下降,均P<0.05。结论 BMI增高对大学生血压水平有负面影响,可将BMI作为血压偏高的重要预测指标对学生的肥胖及血压情况进行监测,通过控制他们的体质量来降低今后患高血压的危险。

Objective To investigate the relationship between BMI and blood pressure in undergraduate student and intervention study.Methods We choose freshmen students of the Chongqing City Management College from 2008 to 2010,total of 8757 cases,and the height,weight and blood pressure of the students were analyzed statistically.The overweight and obesity students were taken aerobic exercise.Results We found that the BMI had positive correlation with the blood pressure（systolic pressure：r=0.23,P=0.000;diastolic pressure：r=0.16,P=0.000）.The relationship of blood pressure levels among the groups were：obese group [（117.65±14.28）mm Hg,（75.65±9.55）mm Hg]overweight group[（117.41±12.86）mm Hg,（74.78±8.91）mm Hg]normal group[（111.78±11.38）mm Hg,（71.49±8.14）mm Hg]low-weight group[（107.85±10.66）mm Hg,（69.80±7.95）mm Hg].There was significant difference among the four groups（P〈0.05）.In the overweight group and obesity group students taken aerobic exercise,BMI,systolic pressure level,diastolic pressure level,positive rate of high blood pressure,and positive rate of high-normal blood pressure [（22.93±2.74）mm Hg,（103.65±10.14）mm Hg,（69.62±7.83）mm Hg,2.4%,and 27.13%,respectively）] were lower than before treatment [（26.50±3.07）mm Hg,（117.45±13.45）mm Hg,（74.93±9.02）mm Hg,6.1%,and 47.4%,respectively）].Conclusion BMI has negative impact on blood pressure of college students.BMI can be as the predictor of hypertension.We can reduce the risk of hypertension by controlling the students＇ weight.