秋水仙素诱导越橘四倍体研究

On Tetraploid Induction of Vaccinium L.by Colchicine

用秋水仙素浸渍法及培养基添加法对南高丛越橘组培苗"3#"进行了四倍体诱导,结果表明:浸渍法诱变效果优于培养基添加法,获得的变异株系多为嵌合体,0.1%的秋水仙素茎尖浸泡24h为最佳诱变组合,存活率为70%,变异率为13.33%,四倍体植株率为6.67%.通过对茎、叶、气孔、保卫细胞、染色体数目以及叶绿素含量等形态生理指标的检测,证明四倍体较二倍体发生了显著变化.

In order to breed Vaccinium L.resource,which is agreeable to the climate of southwest China,and to provide basic research data for polyploid breeding,colchicine is used in the experiment to induce ＂3#＂ australe Vaccinium L.tetraploid with the immersion method and the method of adding colchicine into medium.The result illustrates that： the immersion method is superior to that of adding colchicine into medium,and most of the mutagenesis plants are chimeras.The best mutagenesis condition is to soak shoot tip for 24h with 0.1% of colchicine.The survival rate is 70%,the variation rate 13.33%,and the rate of tetraploid plants 6.67%.Significant changes have been found between tetraploid and diploid by detecting morphological and physiological indicators in stems,leaves,stomatal,guard cells,the number of chromosomes and chlorophyll contents.