字号和词频对汉语阅读眼动模式的影响

The Effects of Font Size and Word Frequency of Words Influence on Eye Movements During Chinese Reading

研究旨在通过操作文本字号和目标词词频,考察视觉刺激模式和词汇加工难度对中文读者眼动模式的影响。研究采用2(字号:16号,32号)×2(目标词词频:高频词,低频词)的被试内实验设计,结果显示:(1)读者阅读较小字号文本的总阅读时间与较大字号文本没有显著差异,但平均眼跳幅度、平均注视时间和跳读词数显著大于较大字号文本,再注视词数显著小于大号字体文本;(2)词频对目标词的凝视时间和总注视时间有显著影响,但不影响首次注视时间、跳读率和再注视概率;字号对首次注视时间、跳读率和再注视概率有显著影响,但不影响对目标词的凝视和总注视时间。说明视觉刺激模式和词汇加工难度均影响被试的眼动模式。

An experiment was conducted to explore the effects of font size and word frequency on readers＂ eye movements. Readers＇eye movements were monitored with the device of Eyelink Ⅱ , in which participants read Chinese sentences containing high - or low - frequency target words under smaller and bigger font size conditions respectively. The results were as follows ： （ 1 ） Comparing with the smaller font text, there were more fixations, shorter mean fixation duration and mean saccade amplitude in term of characters when readers read bigger font text. A further analysis showed that readers spent more refixation and less number of words skipped on the bigger font text conditions; （2） there were reliable frequency effect on gaze time and total reading time on the target words, but it had no influence on first fixation duration, probability of skip and that of refixation, and there were reliable font effect on first fixation duration, probability of skip and that of refixation, but not on gaze time and total reading time of the target words. In a word, both word frequency and font size have influenced the pattern of eye movements.