农民对宅基地产权认知情况及其差异——基于安徽省6县1413个农户的问卷调查

Peasants' Cognition on Property Rights of Housing Land and Its Differences: An Empirical Analysis Based on Questionnaires of 1413 Peasants in 6 Counties in Anhui Province

产权认知是农民对宅基地经济价值评价的重要依据。通过对安徽省6县1413个农户调查问卷的统计分析发现,除了对宅基地继承权认知方面与现行法律规定保持一致性外,农民在对基地所有权、处置权和抵押权方面的认知均有较大差异,且与现有法律规定有一定程度的相悖。对人口特征与产权认知关系进行分析后发现,距离城镇越近的农户中,持有宅基地私人所有、可自由交易、可以抵押和不可抵押观念的比例越大;户主年龄越小,持有宅基地私人所有、可自由交易和不可抵押观念的比例越大;工作地点距离家乡越远的农户中,持有宅基地私人所有、可自由交易和不可以抵押观念的比例越大。最后提出应进一步加大对宅基地产权制度的宣传力度,加快对农民宅基地产权的确认工作。

Cognition on property rights is an important basis to assess the economic value of housing land.Through statistic analysis on questionnaires of 1413 peasants in 6 counties in Anhui Province,we find that peasants＇ cognition on housing land inheritance keeps a high consistency with the regulations of prevailing laws,but there are big differences among peasants＇ cognitions on the ownership,disposition and mortgage rights of housing land,which are inconsistent with the prevailing laws to some extend.After analyzing the relationship between peasants＇ population characteristics and cognition on property rights,we find that there is a larger proportion of population who think the housing land belongs to themselves,and the housing land can be traded freely,mortgaged and inherited among the peasants who live close to the towns;the younger the householder is,the larger the proportion of population who think the housing land belongs to themselves,and it can be traded freely and can＇t be mortgaged will be;the further their working places are away from home,the larger the proportion of population who think the housing land belongs to themselves,and it can be traded freely and can＇t be mortgaged will be.Finally,it is suggested that we should increase the publicity on housing land property rights system to peasants and speed up the confirmation work on peasants＇ property rights of housing land.