护理干预预防全髋关节置换术后深静脉血栓

Effects of nursing intervention on prevention of deep venous thrombosis after total hip replacement

目的探讨护理干预对全髋关节置换术后深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的作用。方法对人工全髋关节置换患者行病因高危因素评估，术前做好宣教，健康指导，静脉护理，术后用药护理，功能锻炼，预防并发症等综合预防措施。结果经护理干预，106例全髋关节置换术患者仅有2例出现下肢深静脉栓塞，未出现肺栓塞。结论深静脉血栓是人工全髋关节置换术后严重的并发症之一，发生率为40％～70％，DVT继发的肺栓塞（PE）发生率为4．6％．19．7％。通过对全髋关节置换术患者综合预防，实施护理干预，能有效地防止全髋关节置换术后下肢的发生。

Objective To explore the roles of nursing intervention in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis after total hip replacement. Methods The high risks for the patients undergoing hip replacement were assessed. The comprehensive measures including preoperative health education and instruction, and venous nursing, postoperative nursing care for medication uses, functional exercise, and complication prevention were taken. Results Under nursing intervention, only 2 of 106 patients who had received total hip replacement developed lower limb deep venous thrombosis. No pulmonary embolism occurred. Conclusions Deep venous thrombosis is one of severe complications after total hip replacement, with a rate of 40% to 70%. The incidence rate of pulmonary embolism secondary to deep venous thrombosis is 4.6% to 19.7%. Nursing intervention can effectively prevent the formation of lower limb deep venous thrombosis in patients undergoing total hip replacement.