海岛生态旅游目的地管理模式研究——基于特呈岛案例

Studed on the Management Model of Island Eco-tourism Destinations——The Case of Techeng Island

旅游目的地包含了旅游的所有要素,将各项要素管理好,常被看作是旅游目的地能否吸引和满足旅游者需求的重要因素。但旅游目的地又是处于一个持续变化的状态,不能简单地套用一般的企业管理或公共组织管理的模式。本研究是利用巴特尔旅游目的地生命周期理论,结合旅游周期演进循环规律,以海岛为旅游目的地研究案例,根据旅游目的地管理的各个层面,揭示海岛生态旅游管理模式。同时,以其新型旅游管理模式解释海岛目的在其成熟期怎样迈向可持续发展。研究得出的结论提示,海岛旅游目的地的管理模式是综合性的,涉及海岛环境要素、目的地管理团队及个体等方面。因此,海岛旅游目的地管理模式应是"全要素"有效协同的管理。海岛旅游目的地管理创新的关键是整个旅游工作都要以打造最富吸引力的旅游目的地为核心。我们可以集成旅游战略发展路径来帮助海岛克服由于目的地生命周期带来的一些负面影响,按照可持续发展原则,科学规划,以生态、特色、地域优势明显等要素,将海岛打造成具有特别吸引力的旅游目的地。

Tourist destinations include all elements.It is an important factor of tourists be attracted and satified that quality of management.But tourist destinations are in a state of continuous change.It cannot be applied the model of management in business and public organize.This paper considers the use of the tourism area life cycle model of Butler,R.W.The concept of a tourism area cycle of evolution： implications for the management of resources,alongside a teleological model to explain the movement towards sustainability of an island destination in its maturity stage.The conclusion of this paper are that the model of insular coastal destinations are synthesize,there are the island environment,the management gyoup and the individual.So,the model of insular coastal destinations should be a management of ＂the whole elements＂ valid coordinate.The key of management innovate is in the most attractedtourism destination as the core.The proposed model leads us to demonstrate how integrating strategic aspects of the teleological approaches can help to overcome some limitations of the life cycle model.