横风下高速列车流固耦合动力学联合仿真

Co-simulation of high-speed train fluid-structure interaction dynamics in crosswinds

基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学和空气动力学建立了高速列车流固耦合动力学行为的联合仿真计算方法。通过将车辆-轨道耦合动力学计算程序嵌入流体力学程序中,避免了流体和固体两个求解器之间的数据交换通讯,并且采用耦合迭代步内流固边界条件气动力线性插值的办法,实现了流体和固体两个求解器时间迭代步长的独立选取,提高了计算速度。利用建立的流固耦合计算方法,研究了6级横风环境下列车以350km/h速度运行时的流固耦合动力学行为。比较了离线仿真和联合仿真两种方法下列车气动力与姿态、安全性和舒适性指标的差异。研究表明:列车-气流的流固耦合效应对头车气动力和姿态的影响显著,头车安全性指标有所恶化。

A co-simulation method of a high-speed train fluid-structure interaction is presented based on the vehicle-track coupling dynamics and aerodynamics. The datum communication of fluid solver and structure solver is avoided by inserting the program of vehicle-track coupling dynamics into the dynamics program.Besides,the linear interpolation is applied to the aerodynamics of fluid-structure interface during iterations and the iteration time steps could be not the same.Therefore,the calculation efficiency is improved.With this method,the fluid-structure dynamics of a high-speed train are simulated under the case that the velocity of crosswind is 13.8 m/s and the running speed of train is 350 km/h.The aerodynamics,attitude,safety and comfortable indexes of train are compared under the off-line simulation and the co-simulation.Considering the fluid-structure interaction,results show that there has significant influence on the head aerodynamics and attitude.Besides,the safety indexes of head are worse and the phenomena of climbing derailment towards the lee side is appeared.However,there is little difference in the comfortable index of the whole train.