新中国前30年农业机械化发展及其当代启示

The Development of the Agricultural Mechanization in the First 30 Years in the New China and Its Contemporary Enlightenment

新中国前30年的农业机械化是在高度集中的计划经济体制下,由国家和集体投资、经营农业机械,国家制定下达农业机械的生产计划,国家统一调拨农机产品,国家统一制定农机产品价格,国家通过行政命令和各种优惠政策来推动发展的。但"1980年基本上实现农业机械化"的目标没有实现。它对当代中国农业机械化发展的有益启示主要有:坚持从中国的实际情况出发,走适合我国国情的农业机械化发展道路;尊重农民对农业机械的自主选择和主体地位;坚持和科学实施国家对农业机械化的扶持政策;贯彻农业机械化法律法规,依法促进农业机械化事业的健康发展。

The agricultural machinery was invested,owned and managed by the nation and collective in the highly concentrated planned economic system in the first 30 years in the new China.The production plan of the agricultural machinery was released all by the nation,the products were allocated together by the nation and all the prices of the agricultural machinery were prescribed completely by the nation.The development was promoted by the nation through its executive orders and various preferential policies.But the goal of 'The agricultural mechanization to be basically realized in 1980' hasn't been realized.It is important to today's development of the agricultural mechanization in China mainly because of the following: persisting in proceeding from the actual situation in China,taking the road suited to China's national conditions of agricultural mechanization development,respecting farmers' independent choices of agricultural machinery and their principal position,upholding and scientifically implementing the nation's support policies of agricultural mechanization,implementing laws and regulations of agricultural mechanization and promoting the healthy development of agricultural mechanization in accordance with the law.