消弭数字鸿沟:美国弱势群体信息权利保护的理论与实践

Eliminate the Wide Digital Gap:the Theory and Practice in Protecting the Right of Information of the Weak Group of America

信息技术改变了全球经济,并超乎想象地把人和市场连接在一起。然而,在数字经济一派繁荣之下,是数字鸿沟的客观存在。数字鸿沟是指因教育水准、经济状况、地域、种族、身体条件等不同而造成对数字化技术掌握和运用的差异,从而导致不同群体创造财富能力的差异。因贫困、残疾或其他"排斥性"因素而不能适应数字技术迅速发展的人,往往被排斥在日益崛起的数字经济之外,形成新的弱势群体。美国将数字鸿沟看作是对可持续发展的信息社会的一种威胁,因此努力制定相关国策,保护弱势群体的信息权利,成为美国国家的一项战略任务。

The information technology has changed the global economy,and connected people and market together beyond our imagination.However,under the prosperity of digital economy,the digital divide existed.The digital divide refers to the differences of ability due to differences in education level,economic status and regional,race,body condition and so on which can lead to the different ability of different groups in creating wealth.New disadvantaged groups are formed because of poverty,disability or other 'rejection' factors that caused some people which can not adapt to the rapid development of digital technology.The United States views the digital divide as a threat of sustainable development of the information society.So it became the country's strategic task to work hard to make relevant national policies,protect the information rights of vulnerable groups.