产权信念及其对公平偏好与自利偏好的挤出

The Belief in Property Rights and Its Crowding-out Effects on Fairness and Self-interest Preference

传统经济理论将产权作为经济绩效的外生变量,但是人类社会的演化路径表明产权是内生于人类族群的共同信念,它与内置于人类心智的公平偏好交互作用影响个体的决策行为。文章运用比较制度实验方法针对不同来源的产权考察其认同信念及其对公平偏好的影响。实验发现,产权不仅导致提议者对回应者和接受者有产权认同信念,也导致提议者的自利偏好和回应者的公平偏好被挤出;通过对利他偏好、策略行为和第三方评价的分离,测度了产权信念;提议者没有强烈的公平偏好动机,而是通过策略行为来最大化自身利益。

Traditional economic theories regard property rights as an exogenous variable of economic performance,but the evolutionary route of human society shows that property rights are the endogenous common belief of human population.The interaction between property rights and fairness preference built in human mind affects individual decision-making behavior.This paper studies the consent belief in property rights with different sources and its crowding-out effect on fairness preference by comparative-institution experimental methods.It finds that property rights result in not only proponents＇ recognition of respondents and recipients＇ belief in property rights,but also the crowding-out effects on proponents＇ self-interest preference and respondents＇ fairness preference;it measures the belief in property rights by the separation of altruism,strategic behavior and third-party evaluation;the proponents do not have a strong motive for fairness preference,but maximize their own gains by strategic behavior.