不锈钢管力学性能的拉伸试验

Tensile test and study on the mechanical properties of stainless steel tubes

通过单向拉伸试验获得7种规格的21-6-9不锈钢管及3种规格的321不锈钢管的基本力学性能参数,21-6-9不锈钢管强度高、塑性差,其力学性能特征不利于拉深、弯曲等塑性成形;与21-6-9不锈钢管相比,321不锈钢管强度低、塑性好。分别通过弧形试样拉伸试验和管段试样拉伸试验,获取了Φ1.25mm×0.02mm厚的规格21-6-9不锈钢管的力学性能参数,发现由管段试样获得的延伸率大于弧形试样获得的延伸率,其屈服强度及抗拉强度略小于弧形试样获得的屈服强度及抗拉强度。由于弧形试样拉伸过程中,试样受到的并不是单向应力状态,因此管段试样获得的结果更准确。

Basic material properties of seven specifications of 21-6-9 stainless steel tubes and three specifications of 321 stainless steel tubes were obtained by uniaxial tensile test.The results show that 21-6-9 stainless steel tubes have extremely high strength and low ductility,which is unfavorable for plastic deformation such as drawing and bending.Compared with 21-6-9 stainless steel 321 stainless steel has lower strength and better ductility.For mechanical properties of 21-6-9 stainless steel tube Φ1.25mm×0.02mm,it is shown that the elongation obtained by tube section specimen is larger than that obtained by curved specimen,but the yield strength and tensile strength obtained by tube section specimen is lower.Considering curved specimen is not in uniaxial stressed state during tensile process,the mechanical properties obtained by tube section specimen is more accurate.