304不锈钢大型环件细晶轧制实验

Experimental study on fine-grain ring rolling of large scale 304 stainless steel

304不锈钢大型环件在核电、石油化工等领域有着广泛应用。作为一种高合金钢材料,304不锈钢热变形温度范围窄、变形抗力大,采用常规环件轧制工艺生产此类大型环件,常出现粗晶现象,导致探伤不合格,产品废品率高。文章以某核电用304不锈钢大型环件为对象,对其细晶轧制方法进行实验研究,通过综合分析304不锈钢材料高温变形特性和轧制过程中的热、力变化规律,在常规轧制工艺基础上,对制坯工艺和轧制过程控制进行了优化,基于优化的工艺,通过轧制实验成功获得了晶粒细小,且满足要求的轧制环件。研究结果为304不锈钢大型环件生产提供了一种有效的轧制工艺方法,并为高合金钢大型环件轧制生产工艺设计提供指导。

304 stainless steel large scale rings have been widely used in industry fields,especially as key components in the fields of nuclear power,petrochemical industry,etc.As a kind of high-alloy steel materials,the heat deformation temperature range of 304 stainless steel is narrow,the deformation resistance is high,and the phenomenon of coarse-grain occurred frequently when adopting conventional ring rolling process to manufacture large scale ring,which leads to non-qualification during detection testing and high scrap rate of the products.A large 304 stainless steel ring part of nuclear power equipment had been taken as object.Comprehensively analyzing the high temperature deformation characteristics of 304 stainless steel and the rules of heat and force variation during the hot rolling process,the blank preparing technology and rolling process control were optimized on the basis of conventional rolling technology.Large scale rings with fine-grain meeting the requirements were then manufactured.The results provide an effective method of rolling process to produce large rings of 304 stainless steel,and supply guidance to design the ring rolling process of large scale high-alloy steel rings.