对外开放度与中国工业能源要素利用效率——基于工业行业面板数据

Openness and China Industrial Energy Efficiency —Based on Industrial Panel Data

考虑到单要素能源效率测度方法对"能源效率"的内涵刻画不够深刻,将资本、劳动力、能源等要素的互相替代效应纳入到能源效率的测度模型中,利用DEA的方法测算1999—2009年我国34个工业行业的能源要素利用效率,并在此基础上,实证检验外商直接投资、国际贸易、环境规制和人力资本水平等因素对工业能源要素利用效率的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明,样本期内我国工业行业整体能源要素利用效率呈现上升趋势;外商直接投资、国际贸易、环境规制和人力资本水平均对我国工业行业能源要素利用效率产生了积极的影响,但作用途径有所差别。最后,结合研究结论,提出了提高我国工业行业能源要素利用效率的政策建议。

Because the measuring method of single factor energy efficiency is not accurate, this paper introduces the substitution effect of capital, labor and energy into measuring model of energy efficiency, and uses DEA method to measure the energy efficiency of China＇s 34 industries from 1999 to 2009. Then, it carries out empirical studies on the influences of FDI, international trade, environmental regulation and labor. The results show that in the period, China industrial energy efficiency increases. The influences of FDI, international trade, environmental regulation and labor are positive, but the mechanism is different. Finally, according to the results, this paper gives some suggestions to improve China industrial energy efficiency.