农田灌溉的几项节水技术

Water Saving Techniques in Farmland Irrigation

河南省人民胜利渠是新中国成立后在黄河中下游兴建的第一座大型引黄灌溉工程。自1952年开灌以来,围绕节水灌溉,先后进行了不同材料的渠道衬砌防渗试验,采用U型混凝土衬砌渠槽防渗防淤试验,在旱作地区采用涌流灌及在水稻区采用湿润灌等试验研究,均取得了较好的节水效果,节水率达到20%～50%。特别是在水管理上,采用0—1整数规划进行轮灌组合,使配水工作更加科学,不仅能缩短灌水时间,而且还能达到节水减淤的目的。

The People's Victory Channel of Henan province is the first big irrigation project through water diversion from the lower Yellow River constructed after the new China established. Since 1952, various lining materials had been tested for water saving irrigation, among them it is found that the U shaped concrete lining channel with features of antiseepage and sedimentation protection is with perfect water saving effect of water saving rate of 20% to 50% after field experiments of surge flow irrigation in dry area and wet irrigation in rice planting area. Especially in water management, the 0—1 integral number planning method was used for combination of rotation irrigation that lead to scientifically water distribution, which not only reduce irrigation time, but also deduct sedimentation and save water.