蒿属、葎草花粉空气浓度与夏秋季花粉症患者哮喘症状严重程度的相关性

Correlation of the Artemisia and Humulus Scandens Pollen Count in the Air andthe Severity of Asthma Symptoms in Patients with Autumnal Pollinosis

目的评价空气中蒿属花粉、葎草花粉浓度与夏秋季花粉症患者哮喘症状严重程度及肺通气功能的相关性。方法通过典型病史和体征、过敏原皮肤试验、血清特异性IgE检测、肺通气功能试验筛选出106例夏秋季花粉症患者,男性49例、女性57例,年龄10～73岁;从2006年7月1日～2008年10月31日,连续记录患者每日呼气峰值流速(PEF)及哮喘症状积分,并与同期空气中花粉浓度进行比较。结果蒿属花粉过敏性哮喘患者的日哮喘症状积分、夜哮喘症状积分、日PEF%、夜PEF%、PEF日内变异率与空气中蒿属花粉浓度显著相关(rs=0.762、rs=0.682、rs=-0.649、rs=-0.596、rs=0.549,P<0.001);葎草花粉过敏性哮喘患者的日哮喘症状积分、夜哮喘症状积分、日PEF%、夜PEF%、PEF日内变异率与空气中葎草花粉浓度显著相关(rs=0.817、rs=0.783、rs=-0.833、rs=-0.785、rs=0.454,P<0.001);花粉浓度增高时患者PEF监测值明显降低,而哮喘症状积分、PEF日内变异率则明显增高。结论蒿属花粉、葎草花粉可以引起中国北方地区夏秋季过敏性哮喘。

Objective To analyze the correlation between Artemisia and humulus scandens pollen count in the air and the severity of asthma symptoms in patients with autumnal pollinosis. Methods 106 patients with autumnal pollinosis were diagnosed by typical history, symptoms, intradermal skin test, specific IgE to Artimisia pollens and humulus scandens pollen, and pulmonary ventilation function. The asthma symptom scores and the peak expiratory flow（PEF） were detected and recorded daily from July 1, 2006 to October 30, 2008 continuously, and were compared with Artemisia and humulus scandens pollen count in the air simultaneously. Results There was significant correlation between Artemisia pollen count and the scores of night and daytime asthma symptoms, PEF, and diurnal variations in PEF （rs = 0. 762, rs = 0. 682, rs= -0.649, rs = -0.596, rs = 0.549, P 〈 0.001 ）. There was also a significant correlation between humulus scandens pollen counts and the scores of night and daytime asthma symptoms, PEF, and diurnal variations in PEF（rs =0.817, rs =0.783, rs = -0.833, rs = -0.785, rs =0.454, P〈0.001）. Scores of asthma symptoms and diurnal variations in PEF iknereased significantly when the pollen count was high, while PEF decreased significantly. Conclusion Artemisia and humulus scandens pollen can trigger autumnal asthma in northern China.