黄河三角洲大鸨越冬数量变化及其面临的威胁

Changes of wintering population and threaten of Great Bustards in Yellow River Delta

黄河三角洲是大鸨重要的越冬地,越冬数量曾达到500只,草地、农田和稀疏芦苇地是其主要越冬生境,近几年随着农业开发,草地被开垦,农田耕作方式发生变化,大鸨越冬数量锐减。在1997年至2009年连续12年野外监测中,仅有6年有野外记录,分别为135只(1997)、14只(1999)、8只(2001)、21只(2002)、41只(2006)、9只(2009),大鸨越冬地面临的主要问题是草地开垦、农田耕作类型改变、农药使用及人为活动干扰,在未来保护行动中应加强大鸨数量动态监测,开展越冬栖息地选择研究,实施越冬地保护措施,吸引社区参与管理,保护大鸨及其生存环境。

as an import wintering site for Great Bustard in Yellow River delta,the high amount reach 500 in history,but in recent decade,individual decline sharply.Field survey show only 6 years had field record during 1997 to 2009,such as 135 individual in 1997,14 in 1999,8 in 2001,21 in 2002,41 in 2006 and 9 in 2009.the main wintering habitat type are grassland,farmland and reed marsh.the main threaten are reclaim,grassland use mode change,pesticide and human disturbance.Protection suggestion should be enhance amount survey,study habitat choice method,conserve wintering sites and absorb local community to join in the protection action.