论刑事证据种类的完善——基于对《刑事诉讼法修正案(草案)》第十二条的评析

On the Reform of the Statutory Category of Evidence——Based on the Analysis of Art 12 of the Draft Amendments to Criminal Procedural Law

《刑事诉讼法修正案(草案)》第十二条对证据种类做了更新和微调。在肯定这一改动的意义的同时,也必须看到,我国证据种类立法因未能充分重视证据与刑事侦查的相互作用而仍显疏漏。修正案不但在各类证据的性质、相互关系方面有讨论的余地,在证据种类的列举方式上也存在改进的空间。基于此,本文从刑事侦查的视角,对现行刑事证据种类进行了评介和整合,并建议通过改采半封闭式的列举方式以及从间接证据到直接证据的逻辑顺序对我国证据种类立法进行完善。

Art 12 of the draft Amendments to Criminal Procedural Law has made some adjustments in categories of evidence which prove progressive in general.Nevertheless,due to the failure to connect the statutory category of evidence with the statutory investigation actions,the draft amendments remain to be reformed in several ways.Not only the category per se seems illogical and unpractical,but the nature and interrelationship of the enumerated evidence also needs discussions.In view of this circumstance,this article tries to review and recompose the existing categories of evidence and makes a proposal on the legislative mode.