比较文学与第三种文学批评——兼论比较文学介入当代文学研究的可能性

Comparative Literature and the Third Literary Criticism——And on the Possibility of Comparative Literature Involvement in the Study of Contemporary Literature

国族文学与比较文学这两个学科方向的重要分界点之一,就在于研究方面对语言所提出的不同要求。在两种语言思维观念形成的各自惯性系统中,比较文学研究者必须在双项汇通中寻找共生的平衡与生存的第三种立场,因此也形成了第三种文学批评。在国际文学批评的面向上,第三种文学批评就是基于两种以上国族文学研究所形成的比较文学批评。从历史的历时性来看,在国族文学与比较文学之间存在着范式革命的冲突与对话,这种冲突与对话是相当紧张的,两者之间的确存在着不可通约性。多年来,比较文学为自己与其他学科之间所产生的观念上的不可通约性,做出了最大张力的解释与努力。比较文学研究对当代文学研究,也应该成为一种有效的学术文化推动力,实际上,比较文学就是全球史观的文学研究。

One of the boundary points between National Literature and Comparative Literature is that the two disciplines request different aspects of the language on study.Within two languages' own inertial systems of the formation of the ideological thinking,the Comparative Literature researchers have to search the third position of mutual balance and coexistence in the fusion of the two.As a result,the third literary criticism is formed.In the orientation of international literary criticism,the third literary criticism is the comparative literary criticism which is formed on the foundation of two or more than two national literatures.From the diachronic point of view in history,there exist the conflicts and dialogues of paradigm revolution between national literature and comparative literature.These conflicts and dialogues are considerable tensed.The incommensurability does exist between them as well.Comparative literature has been offering tremendous interpretation and efforts on the concept of incommensurability between itself and other disciplines.Therefore,studies in Comparative Literature should become effective driving force of academic culture.In fact,Comparative Literature is a global and historical literary study.