二滩水电站移民区土壤水分特性的研究

Study on Characteristics of Soil Water in Immigration’s Reclamation Area of Ertan Hydropower Station

四川省攀枝花市盐边县二滩水电站红格移民安置区农耕地土壤水分性质与抗旱性能的研究结果表明 ,与当地土壤肥力水平相对较高的菜园土和水稻土相比较 ,安置区土壤层次性被打乱 ,无保水性的犁底层存在 ,水分渗漏强 ;土壤最大吸湿水、萎蔫系数、田间持水量和有效水含量与土壤 <0 .0 1 m m物理性粘粒含量呈正相关 ,土壤保水性能主要取决于土壤 <0 .0 1mm物理性粘粒含量 ,只有有机质含量较高 ,结构良好的土壤 ,才能很好地协调土壤保水性和供水性之间的矛盾 ;不同土壤水分的蒸发性能被巨大的气候蒸发势所掩盖 。

The physical characteristics of soil water and their drought resistance in Hongge immigration’s reclamation area of Ertan hydropower station were studied. The results showed that in comparison with the paddy soil and vegetable soil with higher fertility in nearby regions, the soil water percolation is high because the layer distribution of soil profile was disturbed, and the plow pan with preservation of soil water was not found in the soil profile. Maximum hygroscopicity, wilting coefficient, field capacity and available water content were positively related with content of <0.01 mm physical clay. The water retention capacity of soil was depended on content of <0.01 mm physical clay. The soils with higher contents of organic matter and good structure could coordinate contradictory of water retention capacity and water release capacity of soil. The water evaporation and drought resistance of various soils was covered by potential evaporation of climate in the district. The research and application of soil irrigation technology would play a role in development of agriculture in the district.