土壤水氮资源的利用与管理Ⅲ.冬小麦夏玉米水氮管理措施的优化

USE AND MANAGEMENT OF SOIL WATER AND NITROGEN RESOURCESⅢThe optimal management of soil water and nitrogen resources

本文应用了非线性目标规划模型 ,用线性化逼近法求解 ,对冬小麦 夏玉米种植制度下 ,不同降雨年型的水氮管理措施进行了优化。以灌水和施氮总量为决策变量。以产量和土壤水和氮资源利用效率为优化目标 ,其中以经济产量为第一优先层 ,以土壤水、氮资源利用效率为第二优先层。根据作物 土壤联合模型模拟所得的目标函数 ,得到了不同降雨年型下小麦和夏玉米单季和中等降雨年型小麦 夏玉米周年的优化水氮管理措施方案。

On the condition of winter wheat summer corn cropping system in Beijing, the nonlinear goals programming model was used to optimize the water and nitrogen management under various rainfall year types. A linear approaching method was chosen to solve the above model. The total amounts of irrigation and nitrogen applied was employed as the programming variables. Grain yield was set as the first preferential goal, and the use efficiency of water and nitrogen resources within 1 m soil depth as the second preferential goal. The objective functions were obtained from the simulation results of grain yield and use efficiency of soil water and nitrogen resources under different conditions by applying the crop soil combined model in this study. Finally, the optimal ranges of irrigation and nitrogen application rates were obtained for both single growth season of winter wheat or summer corn at different rainfall year types and annual of winter wheat summer corn at normal rainfall year type.