健康教育对糖尿病视网膜病变患者饮食行为改变的研究

Study on the influence of health education on dietary behavior changes of patients with diabetic retinopathy

目的:探讨健康教育对糖尿病视网膜病变患者饮食行为改变的干预效应。方法:对134例糖尿病视网膜病变患者采用自身对照方法,比较在接受健康教育前后的饮食行为改变及各代谢指标的变化。结果:134例糖尿病视网膜病变患者教育前后饮食行为改变有显著性差异(P<0.05);教育前后患者血压、空腹血糖、早餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、甘油三脂、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿微量白蛋白有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:对糖尿病视网膜病变患者实施健康教育提高了患者饮食治疗的依从性,改善了患者的血压、糖代谢及脂代谢指标,同时提高了患者对护士的信任度,增进了护患关系,提高了护士的自我价值。

Objective： To investigate the effect of health education on the dietary behavior changes of patients with diabetic retinopathy.Methods：134 patients with diabetic retinopathy were registered as their own self-control and given relevant health education.The dietary behavior changes and some metabolic indices were assessed respectively before and after the education.Results：In all the 134 cases,statistically significant difference could be witnessed in their dietary behavior changes,blood pressure（BP）,fasting blood glucose（FBG）,blood glucose 2 hours after breakfast,glycosylated hemoglobin（HbAlc）,trygliceride（TG）,high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL） and microalbuminuria（mALB）（P〈0.05） while compared the values achieved before and after the intervention.Conclusion：Health education given to patients with diabetic retinopathy could help increase patients＇ compliance with the dietary therapy,and improvements could be seen in patients＇ BP and indices concerning glucose and lipid metabolisms.It could also raise the credibility patients hold towards nurses,thus improving patient-nurse relationship and enhancing nurses＇ self-esteem.