南京市中学生抑郁症现况及其影响因素

Prevalence of depression and its related factors among high school students in Nanjing City

目的调查和分析南京市中学生抑郁症的流行病学分布。方法采用随机整群分层抽样方法,抽取南京市5所学校53个班级2 202名在校中学生,使用Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)及自编相关因素调查表对这些学生进行问卷调查。实际调查2 118人,有效应答率为96.2%。其中初中生占51.7%,高中生占48.3%;男生占49.9%,女生占50.1%。结果 SDS表总粗分为39.26±8.35,标准总分为49.20±10.46。2 118名中学生中检出抑郁症状974人,检出率为46.0%。其中轻度抑郁人622(29.4%),中度抑郁283人(13.4%),重度抑郁69人(3.3%)。经多因素logistic回归分析,学习成绩、每周中等强度活动、每天睡眠时间、与家人朋友相处、与同学相处、意外伤害与抑郁症有关联,差异有统计学意义。结论中学生抑郁症患病率较高,加强中学生心理保健工作刻不容缓。

[Objective]To investigate and analyze the epidemiological distribution of depression among high school students in Nanjing City.[Methods] The survey was carried out on 2 202 high school students selected from 5 schools by random cluster stratified sampling method.Depressive Symptoms were assessed by using Zung Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS） and Self-designed factors questionnaire.A total of 2 118 respondents were investigated in this survey,with an effective answer rate of 96.2%,51.7% from junior middle school and 48.3% from senior middle school,49.9% were male students and 50.1% were female students.[Results]Raw score and index score were 39.26±8.35 and 49.20±10.46 for all the participants,respectively.Among 2 118 students,974 were identified with depression symptom,with positive rate of 46.0%.According to the degrees of depression,622（29.4%）were mild,283（13.4%）of moderate,69（3.3%） of severe.Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that learning achievement,the frequency of moderate physically activity of every week,sleeping time,interpersonal relations and accidental injury had been possibly related to depressive symptoms in high school students.[Conclusion]Due to the high prevalence of depression,strengthening psychological health care is urgently needed.