不同气候区住宅建筑冬季室内热环境及人体热适应性对比

Indoor thermal environment and human thermal adaptation in residential buildings in various climate zones during the winter

根据我国的建筑热工分区,北京和上海分别位于寒冷地区和夏热冬冷地区,该文针对这两个城市的住宅建筑冬季室内热环境及人体热适应性进行了对比研究。研究发现,在相同的室内温度下,上海住户的热感觉投票较高,对室内温度的期望值较低,体现出其对于室内偏冷环境具有较强的适应能力。此外,还专门针对北京壁挂炉采暖住户进行了考察。与集中供暖相比,壁挂炉采暖形式为住户提供了室内温度的控制途径,促使人们合理地设定室内温度,并且更愿意通过行为调节来提高热舒适性,使人体的环境适应能力得到较为充分的体现。

This paper describes studies on thermal adaptation in cold environments conducted in Beijing and Shanghai during the winter. These two cities represent very different climates in China with Beijing being colder. The results show that the occupants in Shanghai feel warmer and have lower thermal expectation than the occupants in Beijing when experiencing the same indoor temperatures. This indicates that the people in Shanghai have a stronger adaptation capability to cold indoor environments. The effects of household wall mounted gas heaters are also analyzed. Unlike central space heating systems, gas heaters enable the occupants to control the indoor temperature according to their need and they want to enhance their thermal comfort by changing the amount of clothes they wear.