也谈地壳内第二深度空间石油、天然气的形成及勘探前景

Petroleum formation in the second deep space of the crust and its exploration prospects

在当前国内油气供需紧张的严峻形势下,开展"第二深度空间"的油气勘探"势在必行",也是"当务之急"."第二深度空间"的油气勘探需解决3个问题.一是油气无机成因的地球化学证据.原油、沥青、干酪根的Pb,Sr,Nd同位素示踪、原油中异常高含量的金属微量元素、原油中有机硅化合物的发现等均表明原油可以由无机反应而生成.二是油气无机成因论是可以指导油气勘探的.油气的分布与中地壳的低速、高导层的耦合表明有成因关系,中地壳的低速、高导层是油气的发生器,也是初始储层,据此可以对油气田进行预测.柴达木盆地昆北花岗岩油田的发现是一典型案例.三是"第二深度空间"的油气勘探需要地球物理方法和技术的支撑.目前第4代采集处理新理论、新方法业已提出.地球物理学家已经把深部勘探的新方法、新技术提到议事日程.总之,"第二深度空间"的油气勘探是有理论依据的,是可能的,是可操作的.发现大型、超大型油气田指日可待.

Petroleum exploration in the second deep space of China continent is a serious issue in the present situation.Three questions should be solved.The first question is the geochemical evidences.Based on the author＇s research,some geochemical data have been achieved： Pb,Sr,Nd isotopic data in the bitumen,crude oil and kerogen,anormlous high content of minor metal elements in crude oil and bitumen,and metal-organo compounds in crude oil totally support the inorganic origin of petroleum.The second question is how the inorganic origin theory of petroleum could guide the petroleum exploration.The distribution of oil and gas is related with the low velocity high conductive layer of the mid-crust in the basin.The low velocity velocity-high conductive layer of the mid crust is the generator of the oil and gas,and is the primary reservoir.According to the coupling relation among the low velocity——high conductive layer and the fault system,trap system,some exploration targets can be predicted and performed.The third question is how the geophysical method and technique can recognize and petroleum exploration in the second deep space.Now geophysists have been studied and developed the new theory and methods of the forth generation seismic sampling and processing system and other techniques for the future petroleum exploration.The three issues mentioned above are Chinese scientist＇s primary initation.By these thought and techniques of primary initation,Chinese petroleum geologists will perform and achieve the second pioneering work of petroleum industry.