怀化自动气象站与人工观测气象要素对比分析

Huaihua Automatic Weather Station and Manual Observation Contrastive Analysis of Meteorological Elements

对地面测报中自动气象站和人工观测资料的对比研究分析,并探讨了两者差异的形成原因。利用2009~2010年怀化自动气象站和人工观测的20时气压、风向风速、温度、湿度、地温等资料数据,采用对比差值、一致率和风向相符率等方法进行统计对比分析,得到了以下结论：两种观测方式的观测数据虽然有一定差异,但是在允许的精度范围内,其中相对湿度、地面温度对比差值较大、一致率略偏低。结果分析证明：除仪器的性能和工作原理造成的差异外,观测环境的变化、人为操作和特殊的天气现象也是造成差异的重要原因。

In this article we did comparative studies of the data from the automatic weather station and artificial observation data and discussed the cause of the differences between them.With the 20：00 observation data of atmospheric pressure,wind direction and velocity,temperature,humidity and field temperature for automatic weather station and artificial observation of 2009~2010,we used difference comparison,concordance rates and wind direction match rates methods and did statistic and comparative analysis.We got conclusion as follows,although the data from the two observations have some differences,they are in the permitted accuracy range.Data of relative humidity,field temperature from the two observations have relatively high contrasts of differences and rather low concordance rate.The results analysis demonstrates that except the differences resulted by the performance and the working principles of the instruments,the changes of the observation environment,human operations and extraordinary weather conditions are important causes of the differences.