安徽省2005～2010年肾综合征出血热监测分析

Surveillance of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Anhui province,2005-2010

目的探讨安徽省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行规律,为更好地防制HFRS提供科学依据。方法收集2005～2010年安徽省HFRS疫情资料和实验室检测资料进行分析,采用血清学方法对疑似HFRS病例、监测点健康人群及宿主动物感染情况进行检测。结果 2005～2010年安徽省累计报告HFRS病例902例,死亡24例,年平均发病率和死亡率分别为0.2459/10万和0.0065/10万。每年10月至翌年1月为发病高峰期,淮北平原和江淮丘陵地区为高发区,占全省发病总数的的84.04%,以农民为主,发病年龄主要集中在20～60岁年龄段。小家鼠和黑线姬鼠分别为居民区和野外的优势鼠种。送检的疑似HFRS患者血清阳性率31.42%,监测点健康人群隐性感染率6.75%。结论安徽省广泛存在以黑线姬鼠为主要宿主动物的姬鼠型疫源地,也存在着以小家鼠为主要宿主的家鼠型疫源地,近年来安徽省HFRS发病基本上处于一种平稳下降的趋势,但淮北地区鼠密度偏高,皖南山区鼠带毒率较高,江淮丘陵地区健康人群隐性感染率也处在较高水平。

Objective To determine the epidemiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（HFRS） in Anhui province and provide preventive measures against HFRS.Methods Data collected from epidemiological surveillance and the laboratorial detection was analyzed.Suspected cases of HFRS,healthy persons in surveillance sites and infections of host animals were detected using immunodiagnostic techniques.Results A total of 902 cases of HFRS were reported in Anhui province from 2005 to 2010,of whom 24 were dead,with annual incidence rate of 0.2459 per hundred thousand and mortality rate of 0.0065 per hundred thousand.The peak incidence was found during the period of October to January of the following year.HFRS cases were mainly distributed in Huaibei Plain and Jianghuai Hilly regions,which accounted for 84.04% of the total cases in the whole province.Most cases were farmers and ranged from 20 to 60 years old.Mus musculus was the dominant species in residence community and Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species outdoors.The sero-prevalence of suspected HFRS patients was 31.42%,and the latent infection rate of healthy persons in surveillance sites was 6.75%.Conclusions Epidemic areas with Apodemus agrarius and Mus musculus as major hosts were widely distributed in Anhui province.The incidence rate of HFRS showed a declining trend in Anhui province in recent years.However,there were a high density of rats in Huaibei Plain,low rate of virus-carrier rats in mountain area of southern Anhui province and high latent infection rate of healthy persons in Jianghuai Hilly region.