溴氰菊酯毒性和致突变性的研究

Research on toxicities and mutagenicities of deltamethrin

目的 了解溴氰菊酯的毒性、刺激性、蓄积毒性、致敏性和致突变性。方法 按标准方法分别作大小鼠急性经口毒性 ;大鼠经皮、吸入毒性 ;皮肤、眼刺激性 ;大鼠蓄积毒性和亚慢性经口毒性试验 ;豚鼠致敏试验 ;致突变试验包括Ames、小鼠骨髓微核和睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变试验。结果 大小鼠急性LD50 分别为 2 78mg/kg和 5 6 2mg/kg ;大鼠经皮LD50 >2 0 0 0mg/kg ;急性吸入LC50 >3 0 0 0mg/m3 ;无皮肤刺激性 ,轻度眼刺激性 ;蓄积系数 2 3 ;致敏率为 0 ;Ames试验结果阴性 ;微核和染色体在高剂量组 ( 11 2 4mg/kg)与阴性对照组相比有高度显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ;大鼠 90天亚慢性经口的最大无作用剂量为 2 82 5mg/kg。结论 溴氰菊酯有明显的蓄积作用 ,为弱致敏物 ,一定剂量下可引起骨髓微核和睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变率增加 。

Objective To study the acute and subchronic toxicity, irritancy, cumulative effect, allergic effect of deltamethrin.Methods The acute oral toxicities in SD rats and NIH mice, acute dermal, inhalational, cumulative, and subchronic oral toxicity in rats, skin and eye irritation in rabbits, allergic effects in guinea pigs, mutagenicity including Ames assay, mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay and mouse primatocyte chromosome aberration assay were conducted according to the national standardized testing method.Results Acute oral LD 50 were 278 mg/kg and 56.2 mg/kg in rats and mice respectively, while dermal LD 50 >2 000 mg/kg and inhalative LC 50 >3 000 mg/m 3. Skin and eye irritancy were estimated to be negative and mild respectively. Cumulative coefficient was 2 3 and allergic rate was 0%. A negative result was observed in Ames assay while increased frequencies of bone marrow micronuclei and spermatocyte chromosome aberrations were noted in the high dose (11.24 mg/kg) group. The 90 day oral non effect level in rats was 2 825 mg/kg.Conclusion The observations indicated that deltamethrin showed an obvious cumulative effect in rats and an in vivo susceptibility to the genetic toxicity potential in mammals.