河南省义马市及其周边地区土壤重金属含量调查与分析

A survey and analysis of soil heavy metals in Yima and its surrounding areas,He′nan province

【目的】研究河南省义马市及其周边地区土壤中Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn 4种重金属的污染状况。【方法】以河南省义马市及其周边的新安、渑池2个县为研究对象,对其土壤中Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn 4种重金属的含量进行测定,用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合因子污染指数法对重金属污染状况进行评价,并对4种重金属平均含量的相关性进行分析。【结果】义马市及其周边地区土壤重金属含量存在明显差异,且4种重金属含量均超出了国家土壤重金属含量背景值。Cd和Cu单因子污染指数大于1的样点数所占的比例均达100%,Zn为52%,Pb为21.67%。4种重金属污染程度大小依次为Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn;3个县(市)中,新安县的综合污染程度较高,义马次之,渑池最小。研究区域内土壤Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn 4种重金属平均含量相关性较低,说明它们形成复合污染的几率较小。【结论】义马及其周边地区土壤中重金属的内梅罗综合污染指数为10.60,属于中度污染,需要及早处理及控制。

【Objective】 The research was to study the contamination of heavy metal in the soil of some areas of the west He′nan-Yima and the surrounding areas two counties Xin′an and Yima were taken as sample sites to determine heavy metals in the soil.【Method】 The single factor pollution index and Nemerow integrated index were used for the assessment of pollution degree.【Result】 The contamination of heavy metals in the soil of different towns in our study areas was significantly different,and the amount of Cd,Cu and Zn were above the background value of soil in China.The rates of sampling site where single-factor pollution index of Cu and Cd is bigger than 1 were 100%,and those of Zn and lead were 52% and 21.67% respectively.Four kinds of heavy metals pollution were Cd〉Cu〉Pb〉Zn,the Xin′an County is the worst,Yima the second,Mianchi the least among three counties.The low comelation of four kinds of heavy metals Cd,Cu,Pb and Zn in the area shows that they were less likely to composite pollution.【Conclusion】 The comprehensive pollution index of heavy metals in the soil throughout the studyed area is 10.60,showing that the soil is moderately polluted.