白玉菇的营养生理研究

Studies on the nutritive physiology of white Hypsizigus marmoreus

【目的】研究白玉菇的营养生理特性。【方法】以白玉菇菌株XBG-05为材料,测定其在不同培养基上的菌落直径、菌丝生长速率及菌落长势,比较不同的碳源(果糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖、核糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖、乳糖、可溶性淀粉、乙醇、甘露醇、甘油)、氮源(异亮氨酸、谷氨酰胺、酪氨酸、色氨酸、硝酸钾、硫酸铵、磷酸二氢铵、氯化铵、尿素、硝酸铵、硝酸钠、蛋白胨、麦芽浸粉、酵母膏、牛肉膏和胰蛋白胨)、无机盐(硫酸镁、氯化钾、硝酸钠、氯化钠、氯化钙、磷酸二氢钾)、维生素(维生素B1、维生素B2、烟酸和叶酸)和植物生长调节剂(吲哚乙酸(IAA)、激动素(KT)、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)和6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA))对白玉菇菌丝生长的影响效果。【结果】白玉菇的碳源谱较宽,其中对蔗糖的利用效果最好,其次为麦芽糖和甘露糖;白玉菇对复合氮源的利用效果最好,对无机氮源和氨基酸的利用效果次之;磷酸二氢钾、叶酸、烟酸及2,4-D、IAA、KT对白玉菇菌丝生长均具有显著的促进作用,而氯化钙、硫酸镁和6-BA则表现出抑制作用。【结论】白玉菇菌丝生长的最适宜碳源为蔗糖,最佳氮源为酵母膏;适量添加磷酸二氢钾、叶酸、烟酸和2,4-D、IAA、KT可以较好地促进白玉菇菌丝的生长。

【Objective】 Nutritive physiological characters of white Hypsizigus marmoreus were investigated in this paper.【Method】 Diameter of colonies,growth rate and vigor of mycelia were used for assessing the effect of carbon（fructose,glucose,mannose,ribose,galactose,arabinose,ucrose,maltose,lactose,soluble starch,alcohol,mannitol,glycerol） and nitrogen sources（isoleucine,glutamine,tyrosine,tryptophan,potassium nitrate,ammonium sulfate,diammonium phosphate,ammonium chloride,urea,ammonium nitrate,sodium nitrate,peptone,malt flour,yeast extract,beef extract,tryptone）,mineral elements（MgSO4,KCl,NaNO3,NaCl,CaCl2,KH2PO4）,vitamins（VB1,VB2,nicotinic acid,folic acid）and plant hormones（IAA,KT,2,4-D,6-BA） during growth of white H.marmoreus XBG-05.【Result】 The results indicated that many carbon sources could be used by the mycelia of white H.marmoreus.Sucrose was the best choice above maltose and mannose;and among nitrogen sources,the composite nitrogen source was utilized best,inorganic nitrogen source and amino acid took next place.Moreover,KH2PO4,nicotinic acid,folic acid,2,4-D,IAA and KT could help mycelia growth,but CaCl2,MgSO4 and 6-BA had inhibition to mycelia growth.【Conclusion】 The suitable nutritive conditions of white H.marmoreus were sucrose,yeast extract paste.And KH2PO4,nicotinic acid,folic acid,2,4-D,IAA and KT could promote mycelia growth.