哈尔滨地区住院患者呼吸道病毒感染的病原学研究

Study on viral pathogen of respiratory infection of hospitalized patients from Harbin area

目的调查哈尔滨地区住院患者常见呼吸道病毒感染的病原学和流行病学特征,为疾病预防和治疗提供参考。方法采用直接荧光免疫法,对2009年8月至2010年9月521例呼吸科住院患者的痰标本进行病毒检测。结果病毒检测阳性者74例,总体阳性率14.2%。在阳性感染者中,单一病毒感染数为39,混合病毒感染累计数为79,合计118。阳性标本中呼吸道合胞病毒44例(37.3%)、腺病毒6例(5.1%)、甲型流感病毒37例(31.4%)、乙型流感病毒9例(7.6%)、Ⅰ型副流感病毒12例(16.2%)、Ⅱ型副流感病毒1例(0.8%)、Ⅲ型副流感病毒9例(7.6%)。呼吸道病毒感染季节上存在统计差异,在性别、疾病和年龄没有统计学差异。结论哈尔滨地区住院患者呼吸道病毒感染的病原体以呼吸道合胞病毒为主,其次是甲型流感病毒。

Objective To investigate the etiological and epidemiological features of respiratory viral infection in hospitalized patients from Harbin region as a reference for clinical treatment and prevention of viral infections.Methods The nasopharyngeal aspirates samples were taken from 521 hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infection from August 2009 to September 2010.Seven kind respiratory viruses were screened using the fluresenant antibodies with direct immunofluorescence assay（DFA）.Results Among all the 521 samples,74（14.2%） were respiratory virus positive.And among the 74 viral positive samples,single virus infection was 39 and more than one kind virus complex infection was 79 which accumulated as 118 viral infection.Among the 118 viral infections,respiratory syncytial virus accounted for 37.3%（44）,adenovirus 5.1%（6）,influenza virus A 31.4%（37）,influenza virus B 7.6%（9）,parainfluenzaⅠ16.2%（12）,parainfluenzaⅡ0.8%（1）,parainfluenza Ⅲ7.6%（9）.The viral infection differences in season distribution were significant,and the differences in the others（age,gender and disease） were not significant.Conclusion RSV is dominant in respiratory infection,followed by influenza virus A.