有机无机肥配施对湘北早晚稻作用特点的研究

Effects of Combined Application of Organic Manures and Inorganic Fertilizers on Early-rice and Late-rice in Northen Hunan

为了研究湘北双季稻田不同有机无机肥配施对双季稻生产发育及产量的影响,在洞庭湖区湘阴县进行了大田试验。结果表明:(1)有机无机肥配施同单施化肥相比,水稻株高、分蘖、SPAD值没有显著差异,且早稻以施化肥表现较好,晚稻却以有机无机肥配施最佳,充分体现了有机肥养分释放缓慢的特点;(2)从产量来看,有机无机肥配施与单施化肥产量差异不明显,早稻以纯化肥产量最高,晚稻以20%猪粪有机堆肥产量最高,这就说明,有机无机肥配施不仅可以提高水稻产量,且可以改善土壤环境,并能有效解决农村有机废弃物排放量大、处理难等问题。

In order to study the effects of combined application of different organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of double-rice in northen Hunan, field experiments were conducted in Dongting Lake area, Hunan province. The results showed that （1） there was no significant differences between combined application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers and single application of chemical fertilizers on plant height, tiller and SPAD values of rice, but the early rice generally performed better with application of chemical fertilizers, while late rice generally performed better with application of organic fertilizers, which fully performed the character of nutrient releasing slowly for organic fertilizer; （2） for rice yield, there was no obvious difference between combined application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers and single application of chemical fertilizers, but the early rice had the highest yield with application of pure chemical fertilizers, while the later rice had the highest yield with application of organic compost with 20% pig manure. Therefore, it can be concluded that combined application of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers not only can improve the rice yield and the soil environment, but also can effectively solve the problems that large emission of organic wastes in rural area and difficult to disposing them.