有机烟草生产中蜗牛的防治方法研究

Exploring Control Method for Snail in Production of Organic Tobacco

通过室内药效测定与田间药效试验,对生石灰、25%茶皂素、0.3%印楝素防治蜗牛的效果进行了比较研究。结果表明:(1)室内试验中,25%茶皂素以浓度为12.5 g/L和10 g/L防治蜗牛,药后72 h校正死亡率均达到99%以上。(2)田间试验中,25%茶皂素或10 kg/667m2生石灰都具有较好的防治效果。其中25%茶皂素各浓度处理间防治效果差异显著,以施500 g/667m2防效最佳,且在时间上表现出递增效应,药后10 d校正死亡率达到90.81%,生石灰在施药后3 d防效达到85.19%,其速效性强,但随药后时间延长药效有所下降。0.3%印楝素对蜗牛防治效果较差。

The indoor efficacy measurement and the field efficacy experiment were conducted to compare the control effect of snail among methods of calcium oxide, 25% tea saponin and 0.3% azadirachtin. The results showed that in greenhouse experiment, treating snail with 12.5 gEL or 10 g/L of 25% tea saponin, the corrected mortality all reached over 99% at 72 h after treatment; in field experiment, 25% tea saponin or 150 kg/hm2 of calcium oxide all had good control efficacy. Different concentrations of 25% tea saponin had significantly different control effieaeies, in which the 7 500 g/hm2 of 25% tea saponin had the best control efficacy, and showed an increasing effect with time passed by, its corrected mortality reached 90.81% at 10 d after treatment. The control efficacy of calcium oxide reached 85.19% at 3 d after treatment, which means calcium oxide can act rapidly, but its control efficacy will decrease with time passed by. The 0.3% azadiraehtin had the worst control efficacy on snail.