新疆吐鲁番盆地坎儿井破坏类型分析

Analysis of damage type in Turpan Basin-Karez in Xinjiang

新疆坎儿井与万里长城、京杭大运河并称为中国古代三大工程,因其在诸多方面的突出价值,2006年被批准为第六批全国重点文物保护单位,近些年来坎儿井日益干涸、消亡的状况引起了社会的广泛关注。本文以吐鲁番盆地坎儿井为例,介绍了坎儿井所在区域的自然环境,并结合其保护现状和衰退原因,重点分析了引起坎儿井坍塌破坏的六个主要原因,最后结合其价值体系提出了坎儿井保护应遵循的几点原则。

Karez in Xinjiang, together with the Great Wall and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is known as three major projects in ancient China. For its prominent value in many aspects, it was approved as the sixth national cultural heritage in 2006. In recent years, the increasingly dry and demise conditions in Karez caused widespread concern in the community. This paper takes Karez in Turpan region as an example. Firstly, it introduces the natural environment in Karez region. Then, combined with its conservation status and recession reasons, it focuses on six main reasons caused by collapse damage in Karez. Finally, combined with its value system, it proposes some principles for Karez protection.