土石方控制爆破及振动传播规律分析

Blasting Control and Vibration Monitoring of an Excavation Project

介绍了某工程大型土石方开挖的爆破参数选择、控制爆破方案和振动速度控制标准制定过程,阐述了爆破振动监测的流程和监测成果。对建筑物不同部位的爆破振动速度进行了对比和分析,提出了各不同部位的振动速度回归公式,并对建筑物顶部的振动放大效应进行了研究。认为建筑物顶部的爆破振动速度大于地面振动速度,存在放大效应,放大系数随比例距离增大而减小,进行控制爆破设计时应考虑放大效应的影响。

The determination of charging parameters, blasting plans and vibration threshold has been introduced in this paper. Based on the vibration monitoring of an excavation project, the attenuation of PPV （peak particle velocity） have been analyzed. It is found that, at the same point of a structure, the PPV at higher location is greater than that on the ground. There exists a scaling effect that when vibration waves pass through a convex structure and the amplification factor decreases with the scaled distance. The scaling effect should be taken into consideration in the design of blasting control.