基于多元统计分析的石头口门水库汇水流域水质综合评价

Multivariate Statistical Techniques for the Evaluation of Water Quality of Shitoukoumen Reservoir Catchment

根据石头口门水库汇水流域的4个监测断面2001～2007年的水质监测数据,应用多元统计分析方法(聚类分析与因子分析)确定主要污染因子并计算权重,从而对流域的水质进行综合评价。结果表明,通过因子分析,提取了3个公因子,第一主因子主要包括溶解氧、氨氮、总氮、高锰酸盐指数、化学需氧量、生化需氧量;第二主因子的主要代表指标是总磷;氟化物、总大肠菌群数对第三主因子贡献明显。由综合评价结果得出,石头口门水库总体属Ⅲ类水质,主要污染因子为总磷;饮马河(烟筒山断面)和岔路河(星星哨水库断面)水质属Ⅲ类,主要受第一主因子影响;双阳河(新安断面)水质属Ⅴ类。流域水质主要受到了农业非点源污染和生活污染的影响。

According to the data generated during 2001~2007,with monitoring at four different sites,multivariate statistical techniques,cluster analysis（CA）and factor analysis（FA）were applied to identify the possible factors or/and sources that influenced surface water quality and calculate the weight so as to make a comprehensive evaluation of water quality.The results indicate that： three factors were extracted by using factor analysis.The first main factors are DO,NH3-N,TN,CODMn,COD,BOD5;the second main factor is TP;the third main factors are fluoride and total coliforms.Comprehensive evaluation results showed the water quality of Shitoukoumen reservoir belongs to Grade Ⅲ and the main pollutant is TP.The water quality of Yinma River and Chalu River belong to Grade Ⅲ which are mainly influenced by the first main factors.The average quality of Shuangyang River belongs to Grade Ⅴ.The water quality of Shitoukoumen catchment is mianly resulting from the non-point source pollution and domestic wastewater.