大面积脑梗塞患者鼻饲一周、二周引起消化道出血的相关因素分析

Analysis on the Relevant Factors of Gastrointestinal Bleeding after Nasal Feeding in Patients with Massive Cerebral Infarction

目的:探讨影响神经内科大面积脑梗塞患者鼻饲后消化道出血的影响因素,以使医护人员采取有效的护理措施预防患者消化道出血,为神经内科防控大面积脑梗塞患者鼻饲后消化道出血提供切实可行的依据。方法:选取2010年9月-2011年9月我院神经内科大面积脑梗塞住院患者400例,分为普通组与对照组,比较两组患者消化道出血的情况。针对消化道出血情况进行调查分析,找出引起大面积脑梗塞患者消化道出血的相关影响因素。结果:数据显示,鼻饲时间长短(一周、二周)与患者发生消化道出血有关联,鼻饲二周患者发生消化道出血机率高于鼻饲一周患者,两组间统计检验,x2=11.329,P<0.05,有显著差异。大面积脑梗塞患者发生消化道出血主要与以下几个因素相关:自身疾病及严重程度、年龄、置管位置、鼻饲技术。结论:护理人员可依据致使患者发生消化道出血的危险因素,有针对性的采取防控措施,降低神经内科患者鼻饲后消化道出血发生率,有效保障患者安全,提高护理质量。

Objective：To explore the impact factors of gastrointestinal bleeding after nasal feeding of patients with a large area of cerebral infarction,so that the medical staff can take effective preventive care measures for patients,and provide practical basis for prevention and control of gastrointestinal bleeding after nasal feeding in patients with large areas of cerebral infarction.Methods： 400 cases of hospitalized patients with large area of cerebral infarction who were selected in our hospital during September 2010 and September 2011,were divided into ordinary group and control group.Compared the gastrointestinal bleeding situation between the two groups.Investigated and analyzed the causes of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with massive cerebral infarction.Results： Data showed that nasal feeding time（for one week or two weeks） was associated with gastrointestinal bleeding.Patients receiving two weeks of nasal feeding had a higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding than those with one week of nasal feeding,and there are statistical differences between the two groups,for x2= 11.329,P〈0.05.The occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with massive cerebral infarction was mainly associated with the following factors： severity of their disease,age,catheter position and nasal feeding techniques.Conclusion： Nursing staff can take targeting prevention and control measures based on the risk factors of gastrointestinal bleeding,to reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding of neurology patients after nasal feeding,and to ensure the patients’ safety and improve nursing quality.