辽河流域文明之一 辽河流域的历史文化与古代文明

History Culture and Ancient Civilization at Liao River Basin

辽河是中国东北地区南部的一条较大的河流,辽河水系与黑龙江水系南北呼应,是东北地区两条最大的水系。辽河干流总长度为1 390千米,流域面积21.9万平方千米。辽河流经地区的地理环境十分复杂,不仅涉及到三大山脉(长白山脉、大兴安岭山脉、燕山山脉),而且流经丘陵、平原、沙漠、湿地,最后注入渤海的辽东湾。从辽河流域的空间分布格局的特点来看,其早期族群文化遗迹的地理分布大体是按照西辽河、东辽河与下辽河流域三个区域展开。辽河流域的早期文明与黄河流域和燕山地域的夏商文明关系十分密切,有着悠久而又成熟的文明形态,并且深刻地影响了中国东北和朝鲜半岛的流域文明。

The Liao River is a comparatively bigger river in the south of Northeast China. Liao river in the south and Heilong river in the north are two major rivers in Northeast China. The major length of Liao river is 1,390km,with drainage area of 2,190,000 square kilometers. The geological environment of Liao river region is very complicated covering three mountain chains （ Changbai, Daxing＇ anling, and Yah mountain chains） including hills, plains, desert, and wet land until it goes into Liaodong bay. Based on the structure of the space distribution,it is believed that the early ethnic cultural relics distribute in west,east and lower Liao river basins. The early civilization here has close relationship with the Xia and Shang civilization at the Yellow River basin and Yan mountain region. This civilization is age-old and mature and has great influence upon the civilizations at northeast China and Korean Peninsula.