论抗战时期外国戏剧的中国化改编——以李健吾对莎士比亚两部悲剧的改编为例

Chinese Adaptation of Foreign Drama during the Anti-Japanese War:Taking Li Jian-wu's Adaptation of Two Tragedies of Shakespeare for Example

戏剧在抗战宣传中起到过至关重要的作用,抗日战争时期众多的戏剧工作者纷纷以笔为枪,创作或改编出了大量鼓舞民族士气的戏剧作品。著名剧作家李健吾亦于此时适时地将英国的经典莎剧《麦克白》与《奥赛罗》改编为中国的抗战讽喻剧《王德明》和《阿史那》。李健吾在改编的时候虽承袭了原剧的大体脉络,却在时代背景、人物性格以及诸多细节方面做了深入的中国化改编,以使其更为符合抗战时期的文化语境,达到易于接受、动员抗战的效果。

Drama once played a crucial propaganda role during the Anti-Japanese War.A large number of drama workers held pens for guns and created or adapted a lot of encouraging plays.Li Jian-wu,a famous playwright at this time,adapted Shakespeare＇s Macbeth and Othello for the two war allegory plays Wang Deming and Ashinas.Although he followed the general framework of the original,Li Jian-wu made great adaptation in the background,characters,and many details,in order to make it in line with the cultural context of war and easily accepted to mobilize the forces for the Anti-Japanese War.