多因子对凡纳滨对虾仔虾能量代谢的影响

Effect of multi-factors on energy metabolism of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei

通过设置不同温度、盐度、pH值和摄食状态的处理,研究凡纳滨对虾(L.vannanei)仔虾在不同条件下的无机磷、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮、氨氮的释放率。结果表明,温度、盐度、pH值和摄食状态对其代谢存在影响。在15～30℃范围内,随温度的上升,仔虾磷、硝酸氮、氨氮的释放率均上升,30℃时,氮、磷释放率最大;盐度在5～35范围内,随着盐度的增加,仔虾氮、磷的释放率提高,但盐度为30时,仔虾氮、磷释放率最低,其中对氨氮的释放率有极显著的影响(P<0.01);pH值在6.5～9.0的范围内,随着pH值的升高,磷的释放率显著降低(P<0.05),硝酸氮和氨氮释放率极显著增加(P<0.01),pH值8.5时,氨氮释放率达到最大,亚硝酸氮释放率无明显变化;摄食状态对仔虾代谢有明显的影响,饱食状态下磷、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮和氨氮的释放率比饥饿状态下分别提高了76.2%,50.0%,60.0%,94.7%,表明仔虾摄食时蛋白质代谢增加明显。

Juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei were treated under different temperatures, salinities, pH levels and feeding to determine their release rates of inorganic phosphorus, nitrite, nitric nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen. The results indicate that temperature, salinity, pH value and feeding influence the metabolism of the juvenile L. vannamei. At the temperature ranging from 15 ℃ to 30 ℃ the juvenile L. vannamei increased their release rates of phosphorus, nitrite, nitric nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen with the temperature, and had the highest release rates of nitrogen and phosphorus at 30 ℃. Within the salinity range of 5--35 the juvenile L. vannamei improved their release rate of nitrogen and phosphorus with the salinity but lowered their release rates of nitrogen and phosphorus to minimum at the salinity of 30, and the salinity of 30 gave a significant effect （P 〈 0.01） on the release rate of ammonia nitrogen. At the pH range of 6.5--9.0 the juvenile L. vannamei decreased their release rate of phosphorus significantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ） and raised their release rates of nitric nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen significantly （P 〈 0.01 ） with pH value. The release rate of ammonia nitrogen came to a maximum high at a pH value of around 8.5, while the release rate of nitrite changed little. Feeding had significant impact on the metabolism of the juvenile L. vannamei. The fed juvenile L. vannamei enhanced their release rate of phosphorus, nitrite, nitric nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen by 94.7%, 50.0%, 60.0% and 94.7%, separately, as against those without feeding, which shows an evident increase in protein metabolism in the fed juveniles.