经济增长中非经济性公共物品需求分析

Analysis on Demand for Non-economic Public Goods in Economic Growth

利用2003—2010年我国29个省(自治区、直辖市)的面板数据,对教育支出、医疗卫生支出、科技支出、社会保障补助支出和环境保护支出五类非经济性公共物品支出需求函数进行了估计,实证检验了与公共支出需求相关的因素。结果显示:非经济性公共物品需求与人均收入、人口规模和城市化率正相关;在温饱问题解决后,随着居民收入的增加,即使居民的税收负担有所上升,居民对教育、医疗和科技的需求也会不断增加;失业率的上升会减少居民对教育、科技和医疗的需求,但会增加对社会保障的需求;环境保护关系到城市的可持续发展,产业结构调整可能有助于缓解环境保护支出与需求的矛盾。

Using the panel data about 29 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities） in China from 2003 to 2010,this paper estimates the demand functions of five kinds of non-economic public goods,and tests empirically the influencing factors of the demand for public expenditure.The results show as follows：there exist the positive correlations between the demand for non-economic public goods and per capita income,population size and urbanization;after the problem of food and clothing is resolved,with the increase of residents income,the demand for education,medical,and technical needs increase even if residents′ tax burden also increase;the enhancing of unemployment could result in the decreasing of demand for education,medical,and technical,but promote to increase the demand for social security;environmental issue is related to the sustainable development of city,and industrial restructuring may help to alleviate the contradiction between environmental expenditure and demand.