腾冲红花油茶低产林抚育改造技术

Tending Transformation Technology of Low-yielding Camellia reticulata in Tengchong

对面积28 hm2、树龄39 a、直播造林且长期失管的腾冲红花油茶低产林开展抚育改造试验.通过多年的试验研究,摸索出林相林园治理、密度调整、树型调整、加强土肥水管理及病虫害防治等抚育改造综合技术.改造后第四年的林分质量明显改善,树势恢复,大幅增产,采前落果得到根本遏制;植株平均结实率由19.93%增加到41.07%,粗油产量达220.5 kg/hm2,为改造前24 kg/hm2的9.19倍,为病虫害试验对照产量124.5 kg/hm2的1.77倍.试验结果为腾冲红花油茶低产林抚育改造,老产区巩固产业持续发展,提高油茶产量和品质提供了技术支持.

Tending transformation test was conducted on 28hm^2 39 year old direct seeding forestation and long-term management absent low yielding Camellia reticulata in Tengchong. Through years of experimental research, we have come up with the forest garden governance, density adjustment, treelike adjustment; strengthen soil and water management and pest control tending transformation technologies. Four years after the transformation, the forest quality has greatly improved, tree vigor has recovered, substantial increases have been seen in harvests, and preharvest fruit drops have been contained. The average ripening rate has grown from 19.93% to 41.07% ; crude oil yield has risen up to 220.5kg/hm^2 , equivalent to 9.19 times the amount of 24kg/hm^2 produced before, and 1.77 times the amount of 124.5kg/hm^2 for pests and diseases control test. The test results have contributed technical support to the low-yielding Camellia reticulata transformation in Tengchong, the sustainable development of the industry in the old- production area and the improvement of Camellia reticulata yield and quality.