2010年北京市职业外照射个人剂量监测

The monitoring status of personal doses from occupational exposure in Beijing

目的掌握北京市2010年放射工作人员外照射个人剂量监测的基本状况,以制定有效的个人剂量监测方案,巩固和促进本地区个人剂量监测工作的发展。方法使用LiF(Mg,Cu,P)热释光剂量计(TLD)定期监测,建立该市Access个人剂量数据库并使用TLPs软件进行处理分析,依据国家有关法律法规和技术标准进行评价。结果 2010年全市外照射人均年剂量位于探测下限MDL(0.138mSv/a)、0.138～5mSv/a、5～20mSv/a的人数分别占总监测人数的75.6%、24.3%和0.1%;2010年人均年剂量为0.28mSv/a,明显高于普通X射线诊断和放射治疗人员。结论该市绝大多数放射工作人员的个人剂量水平较低,相应的放射工作环境是安全的;在放射防护实践中应加强重点工种人员的个人剂量监测与防护,同时应强化相关法规的落实和人员培训。

Objective To understand the basic status of radiation workers＇ personal doses received from occupational exposure during 2010 in Bcijing, so as to develop an effective monitoring program of personal doses as well as to consolidate and strengthen the improvement of local personal doses surveillance. Methods LiF（ M g, Cu, P） thermoluminescence dosimeters （TLDs） were used in the regular data collection, access database and TLPs software were employed in data input and analysis. All of personal doses data were appraised according to corresponding national codes and technical standards. Results It was shown that 75.6% , 24.3% and 0. 1% accounted for the whole radiation workers monitored were found to meet with the range of 0. 138 mSv/a,0. 138 -5 mSv/a and 5 -20 mSv/a respectively. In addition, the mean value was 0.28 mSv/a in 2010, which was significant higher than the level of stuff worked in the field of medical X-ray diagnosis and radiotherapy. Conclusions The majority doses level of local radiation workers was low and their working environment was safe. Indeed, both strengthening on personal doses monitoring and individual protection should be emphasized in regular working practice, and fulfilling correlative codes and personnel training should be emphasized in radiation protection.