莆田人的饮食习惯对老年人高血压的影响

The Influence of Hypertension on the Elderly by the Diet in Putian

目的为了解老年人日常饮食情况,及日常饮食对高血压的影响,制定针对性的宣传教育方法。方法使用自制问卷,随机在莆田多个农村和城镇对1 000名老年人进行调查,对结果采用2χ检验和logistic回归分析进行统计学处理。结果有高血压的老人对饮食对于高血压的影响方面的知识的了解比比无高血压的老人高(P<0.05),其中知晓率又以城镇的老人比较高(P<0.05)。日常饮食对高血压有影响的因素有饮食中食盐的摄入情况、过了饮酒的情况、含淀粉类食物的摄入情况、腌制类食物的摄入情况、内脏(卵黄)类食物的摄入情况、含高膳食纤维类食物的摄入情况、含高钾食物累的摄入情况、含高钙食物累的摄入情况、含优质蛋白质类食物的摄入情况。结论目前很多老人对饮食对于高血压的影响还不明白,有知道的也只是很小的一部分学历较高的老人。

Objective To get to know daily diet of the elderly,and influences of daily diet on hypertension and the proper publicity education to be applied.Method By applying the self-designed questionnaire to 1 000 old people in quite a lot of villages and towns in Putian to conduct a survey,and processing statistical adopted for χ2 test and making logistic regression analysis.Results Knowledge of the old people with hypertension about influence of diet on hypertension is more than those without hypertension（P〈0.05）,and old people living in town know more than those living in countryside（P〈0.5）.The influencing factors of daily diet on hypertension include salt intake,overdrinking,pickled food intake,visceral（yolk） food intake,intake of food containing starch,high dietary fiber,high potassium,high calcium and high quality protein.Conclusion At present,many elderly people do not understand the influence of the diet on the hypertension,whereas only a very small part of old people with higher education understand it.