民事判决中的非法证据排除规则

Exclusionary Rule Applicable in Civil Litigation

在民事诉讼中排除非法取得的证据,是最高人民法院通过司法解释确立的一条新的证据规则,该证据规则实施已近10年。由于该规则本身蕴含着程序公正与实体公正等价值与目的的冲突,审判实务中适用该规则遇到了相当大的困难。审判实务中较为普遍的做法是,根据规则所确立的"侵害他人合法权益"和"违反法律禁止性规定"这两条非法证据认定标准,采用利益衡量的方法,结合案件中收集证据的具体情形来作出排除与否的决定。法院在适用该规则时,尽管对部分取证方法为非法已经取得了广泛的共识,但对另一部分取证方法合法与否,仍存在着较大的分歧。

：An exclusionary rule designed to exclude invalid evidence in civil litigation set up in the Judicial Interpretation of the Highest People＇ s Court of the People＇ s Republic of China has been adopted for nearly 10 years. With inherent conflict of procedural and substantive justice with purpose, application of the rule in prax- is leads to much difficulty. In real world adjudication, the normal way is to decide whether to exclude evidence based on the 2 criteria of ＂infringement of other＇ s benefits＂ and ＂breach of prohibitive regulations＂ while bal- ancing the parties＇ interests and taking into account the specific condition of evidence collection. While apply- ing the rule, judges, though having reached consensus on part of the ways of evidence collection, vary greatly in the validity of the other ways.