广西靖西县居民高血压、肥胖、糖尿病患病率的调查

Survey on the Prevalence of Hypertension,Obesity and Diabetes Among Residents in Jingxi County,Guangxi

目的了解靖西县居民高血压、肥胖、糖尿病患病情况。方法分层随机抽取靖西县居民561例,进行问卷调查,检测其身高、体重、血压和血糖,进行统计学分析。结果 561例居民高血压粗患病率为22.6%,其中男性为27.4%,女性为18.0%,男性粗患病率高于女性(P<0.05);肥胖粗患病率为28.2%,男性为35.4%,女性为21.1%,男性肥胖患病率高于女性(P<0.05);糖尿病粗患病率10.2%,男性为11.2%,女性为9.2%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);糖尿病患者患高血压的风险是非糖尿病者的5.99倍,肥胖患者患高血压的风险是非肥胖者的1.63倍;吸烟、嗜酒、喜爱吃肥肉或动物内脏是高血压的危险因素,喜爱运动、经常喝茶和素食是高血压的保护因素;高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率均较低分别为26.8%、19.7%及40.0%。结论靖西县居民高血压、肥胖和糖尿病患病率高;高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率低,吸烟、嗜酒、喜爱吃肥肉或动物内脏是高血压的危险因素;应当加强卫生宣教,重视防治高血压,提倡健康生活方式。

Objective To explore the prevalence of hypertension,obesity and diabetes among residents in Jingxi county,Guangxi.Methods Five hundred and sixty-one residents in Jingxi county were randomly selected by stratified sampling.A questionnaire investigation was conducted,and body height,body weight,blood pressure and blood sugar of these 561 cases were measured for statistics analysis.Results The overall prevalence of 561 residents was 22.6%,which was significantly higher in male（27.4%） than in female（18.0%）（P0.05）,The prevalence of obesity cases was 28.2%,which was significantly higher in male（35.4%） than in female（21.1%）（P0.05）.The prevalence of diabetes cases was 10.2%,which showed no significant difference between the male（11.2%） and the female（9.2%）（P0.05）.The risk of developing hypertension in diabetes patients was 5.99 times of that in non-diabetes patients,and in obesity cases was 1.63 times of that in non-obesity ones.The risk factors of hypertension were smoking,drinking and being favor of fat meat or animal innards,while protection factors of hypertension were sports,drinking tea and a vegetarian diet.The awareness rate（26.8%）,treatment rate（19.7%） and control rate（40.0%） of hypertension were lower in the patients.Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension,obesity and diabetes among residents in Jingxi county are high,while the awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension are low.The risk factors of hypertension are smoking,drinking and being favor of fat meat or animal innards.Hygiene education,the prevention and control of hypertension should be strengthened,and health life style should be advocated.